Langkah 1:
Scan nearby Bluetooth signals (beacons/tags).
Active Bluetooth Navigation | Hybrid (Active-Passive) Bluetooth Positioning with Repeater | Passive Bluetooth Positioning | |
Bagaimana ia berfungsi? | ![]() |
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Who performs positioning? | End user device (cth. smartphone) calculates its own position using beacon signals. | Smart tags with Repeater scan beacon signals and forward data; server calculates position. | System infrastructure (pintu masuk + server) calculates the position of BLE tags. |
Who uses the location data? | User-facing — for real-time navigation and wayfinding. | Kedua -duanya — users navigate via app; system tracks people/assets simultaneously. | Back-end use — for monitoring personnel, aset, or safety. |
Typical Use Cases | Visitors finding rooms in malls, muzium, hospital. | Buildings needing kedua -duanya navigation and tracking: hospital, pejabat, pameran. | Staff or assets being tracked in hospitals, kilang, care facilities. |
Working Principle | Smartphone scans BLE beacons, uses RSSI to determine location, shows it on a map. | Tags with Pengulang scan nearby beacons, relay data to gateways, server calculates tag position. | BLE tags broadcast; multiple gateways receive signals and send to server for positioning. |
Penggunaan | Many battery-powered BLE beacons; no wiring needed; requires smartphone app. | Few gateways + battery-powered beacons + smart Repeater tags; minimal wiring. | Many wired BLE gateways + tag BLE; extensive cabling often required. |
Ketepatan | 2~3 meters (RSSI-based, depends on beacon density). | 2~5 meters; room-level precision achievable with one beacon per room. | 2~3 meters (improved with gateway density). |
Kos | Low hardware cost; app development required. | Low overall — minimal gateways, affordable beacons/tags, quick setup. | High due to gateway count, tag, cabling, and backend system. |
Maintenance | Replace beacon batteries (~2-3 yrs); maintain apps. | Maintain Repeater tags (battery/charging); very few gateways; lightweight ops. | Maintain many gateways and tags; more intensive upkeep. |
Key Strengths | – App-based – Easy to deploy – Low upfront cost |
– Combines both strengths: pemantauan masa nyata + front-end navigation – Minimal wiring – Reduce infrastructure while maintaining coverage |
– Real-time centralized tracking – High coverage |
An Anchor Repeater is a dedicated relay device that captures and forwards Bluetooth® tag transmissions based on predefined filtering rules. It continuously monitors for specific tag IDs and relays only the relevant signals to the gateway for cloud-based location analysis.
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